Important Questions for Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources Class 10 Geography
Important Questions1
What is the main reason for the depletion of flora and fauna?
Answer
Insensitivity to our environment.
VSAQ
2
Of the estimated 47,000 plant species found in India, about 15,000 flowering species belong to which category?
Answer
Endemic species.
VSAQ
3
Which two factors are majorly responsible for depletion of forest resources?
Answer
Grazing and fuel-wood collection.
VSAQ
4
How much forest area was converted into agricultural land all over India according to the Forest Survey of India between 1951 and 1980?
Answer
26,200 sq. km.
VSAQ
5
The black buck belongs to which category of fauna?
Answer
Endangered species.
VSAQ
6
What is the Himalayan Yew?
Answer
A medicinal plant.
VSAQ
7
What do you mean by madhuca insignis and hubbardia heptaneuron?
Answer
Madhuca insignis means a wild variety of Mahua. Hubbardia heptaneuron refers to a species of grass.
VSAQ
8
In which of the following years was the ‘Project Tiger’ launched?
Answer
1973.
VSAQ
9
Forests and wastelands belonging to both private individuals and government are known as?
Answer
Unclassed forests.
VSAQ
10
What was the aim of Chipko Movement?
Answer
Forest conservation.
VSAQ
11
Which species are known as the extinct species?
Answer
Species which are not found.
VSAQ
12
Periyar Tiger Reserve is situated in which state of India?
Answer
Kerala.
VSAQ
13
Sariska wildlife sanctuary is located in which state?
Answer
Rajasthan.
VSAQ
14
When was Asiatic Cheetah declared extinct in India?
Answer
In 1952.
VSAQ
15
Name the state in which Corbett national park is located.
Answer
Uttarakhand.
VSAQ
1
What is Himalayan ‘Yew’? Why is it under great threat?
Answer
The Himalayan Yew is a medicinal plant found in various parts of Himachal Pradesh and Arunachal Pradesh in the
Himalayan region. It is under great threat because of:
• Overexploitation of the tree has led to drying up of many yew trees in Himachal and Arunachal Pradesh.
• The biggest selling anti-cancerous drug in the world, taxol, is extracted from it to treat cancers.
SAQ
2
Write any three measures to conserve ecosystem?
Answer
Three measures to conserve ecosystem are:
• Forest should be reserved and more and trees should be planted across the region especially in those areas where deforestation takes place.
• Wildlife must be protected by enacting laws and creating awareness among people.
• Starting various projects to save endangered species of plants and wildlife.
SAQ
3
Write briefly about different categories of forests in India classified by government department.
Answer
Forests are classified under the following categories:
• Reserved Forests: More than half of the total forests are declared as Reserved forests. They are maintained for the production of timber and other forest produce and for protective reasons.
• Protected Forests: Almost one-third of the total forest area is Protected forests. This forest land is protected from any further depletion.
• Unclassed Forests: These are other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities.
SAQ
4
What is Joint Forest Management Programme? Which was the first state to adopt this programme?
Answer
• A programme which involves local communities in the management and restoration of degraded forests. It involves local communities and land managed by forest department.
• This programme was first passed in 1988 by the state of Orissa.
SAQ
5
With the help of three examples show how communities have carried out conservation of flora and fauna in India.
Answer
• In Sariska, tiger reserve, people have fought against mining by citing the wildlife Protection Act. People themselves protect forest.
• In Alwar district of Rajasthan, people of five villages have declared 1200 hectares of forest as the Bhairodevi Dakav Sanctuary declaring their own set of rules which do not allow hunting etc.
• In the Himalaya region of Uttarakhand, the famous ‘‘Chipko movement’’ has prevented forest deforestation.
SAQ
6
Explain any three measures taken by the Indian government to protect wildlife.
Answer
Measures taken by the Indian government to protect wildlife are:
• The Indian Wildlife Protection Act was implemented in 1972 with various provisions for protecting habitats.
• An All-India list of protected species was also published.
• To protect the remaining population of certain endangered species government has banned hunting, given legal protection of the habitats of those species and restricted trade in wild life.
SAQ
7
Explain three reasons why we need to save the biodiversity of our planet?
Answer
We need to save the biodiversity of our planet because:
• Human beings alongwith all living organisms form a complex web of ecological system in which they are only a part and are very much dependent on this system for their existence.
• The plants, animals and micro-organisms recreate the quality of the air we breathe, the water we drink and the soil that produces our food without which we cannot survive.
• Forests play a key role in the ecological system as these are also the primary producers on which all other living beings depend.
SAQ
8
Explain any three adverse effects of the destruction of forests and wildlife?
Answer
Three adverse effects of the destruction of forests and wildlife:
• Destruction of forests and wildlife leads to disturbances in ecological balance of the environment.
• It also affects the cultural loss of communities and their displacement.
• It also disturbs foodchain, ecosystem and development of the society.
SAQ
9
Which three human activities are responsible for the depletion of flora and fauna? Explain.
Answer
• Large scale development projects like river valley projects have submerged large tracts of forest. For instance, Narmada Sagar project in M.P. would inundate 40,000 hectares of forest.
• Mining is another important factor for depletion of flora and fauna.
• Major factors behind depletion of flora and fauna are grazing and fuel-wood collection.
SAQ
10
Why do we need to conserve our forests and wildlife?
Answer
We need to conserve our forests and wildlife because:
• Conservation preserves the ecological diversity and our life support system : air, water and soil.
• Conservation also preserves the genetic diversity of plants and animals for better growth of species and breeding.
• It makes the Earth green and safe.
SAQ
1
Write a note on Joint Forest Management.
Answer
• In India, the Joint Forest Management programme furnishes a good example for involving local communities in the management and restoration of
degraded forests.
• The programme has been in formal existence since 1988 when the state of Odisha passed the first resolution for Joint Forest Management
• Joint Forest Management depends on the formation of local institutions that undertake protection activities mostly on degraded forest land managed by the forest department
• In return, the members of these communities are entitled to intermediary benefits like non-timber forest produces and share in the timber harvested by 'successful protection'.
LAQ
2
Write a note on the programmes accepted for conserving forest and wildlife in India.
Answer
• Development of 88 national parks, 490 wildlife sanctuaries and 13 biosphere reserves.
• Implementation of Wildlife Protection Act.
• Protection of remaining population of endangered species by banning hunting, giving legal protection to their habitats and restricting trade in wildlife.
• Project Tiger, Project Rhino, Project Elephant etc for protection of threatened species in their natural habitats. 27 tiger reserves have been set up under Project Tiger.
• Four coral reefs have been identified for conservation and management. Many wetlands in the country are linked with river system.
LAQ