Assertion-Reason of Chapter 3 Water Resources Class 10 Geography
Important Questions1
Directions
Answer
Mark the option which is most suitable:
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.
2
Assertion (A): Dams are referred to as multipurpose projects.
Reason (R): Dams are built for irrigation, electricity generation, water supply for domestic and industrial use, flood control, recreation and fish breeding.
Answer
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. Dams were traditionally built to impound rivers and rainwater that could be used later to irrigate agricultural fields. Today, dams are built not just for irrigation but for electricity generation, water supply for domestic and industrial uses, flood control, recreation, inland navigation and fish breeding.3
Assertion (A): Irrigation has also changed the cropping pattern.
Reason (R): Crops are now sown according to the amount and availability of water.
Answer
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. Irrigation has also changed the cropping pattern of many regions with farmers shifting to water intensive and commercial crops. Large farmers are benefitted through changing the cropping pattern.4
Assertion (A): Water is a renewable resource.
Reason (R): Fresh water is mainly obtained from surface run off and ground water that is continually being renewed.
Answer
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. The total volume of world's water is estimated to exist as oceans and only few cent occurs to be fresh water. Nearly 70 per cent of this fresh water occurs as ice sheets and glaciers in Antarctica, Greenland and the mountainous regions of the world.5
Assertion (A): Irrigation is considered to be the major source of agriculture.
Reason (R): Dams are well-known for their capacity to hold water for agriculture.
Answer
(c) A is true but R is false. Irrigation is considered to be the major source of agriculture. The major sources of irrigation are from canals, tanks, wells and tubes but dams are used only to store large water for later use.6
Assertion (A): The availability of water resources varies over space and time.
Reason (R): Availability of water resources helps in storing water.
Answer
(c) A is true but R is false. The availability of water resources varies over space and time, mainly due to the variations in seasonal and annual precipitation, but water scarcity in most cases is caused by over-exploitation, excessive use and unequal access to water among different social groups.7
Assertion(A): In Gujarat, the Sabarmati-basin farmers were agitated and almost caused a riot over the higher priority given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts.
Reason (R) Inter-state water disputes are also becoming less common with regard to sharing the costs and benefits of the multi-purpose project.
Answer
(c) A is true but R is false. In Gujarat, the Sabarmati-basin farmers were agitated and almost caused a riot over the higher priority given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts. Inter-state water disputes are also becoming common with regard to sharing the costs and benefits of the multi-purpose project.8
Assertion(A): Most of the objections to the projects arose due to their success to achieve the purposes for which they were built.
Reason (R): Ironically, the dams that were constructed to control floods have triggered floods due to sedimentation in the reservoir.
Answer
(d) A is false and R is true. Most of the objections to the projects arose due to their failure to achieve the purposes for which they were built. Ironically, the dams that were constructed to control floods have triggered floods due to sedimentation in the reservoir.