Assertion-Reason of Chapter 1 The Story of Village Palampur Class 9 Economics
Important Questions1
Directions
Answer
Mark the option which is most suitable:
Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
2
Assertion (A): Farming is the only production activity in Palampur.
Reason (R): Other production activities in Palampur include small manufacturing, transport, and shop-keeping.
Answer
(d) A is false but R is true.
The story of Palampur, an imaginary village, will take us through the different types of production activities in the village. In villages across India, farming is the main production activity. The other production activities, referred to as non- farm activities include small manufacturing, transport, shop-keeping, etc.
3
Assertion (A): Palampur is well-connected with neighbouring villages and towns by an all-weather road.
Reason (R): This road facilitates the transport of goods and people using vehicles like motorcycles, jeeps, and trucks, as well as traditional means like bullock carts and tongas.
Answer
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Palampur is well-connected with neighbouring villages and towns. Raiganj, a big village, is 3 kms from Palampur. An all weather road connects the village to Raiganj and further on to the nearest small town of Shahpur. Many kinds of transport are visible on this road starting from bullock carts, tongas, bogeys (wooden cart drawn by buffalos) loaded with jaggery (gur) and other commodities to motor vehicles like motorcycles, jeeps, tractors and trucks.
4
Assertion (A): Most of the upper caste families in Palampur live in large houses.
Reason (R): Upper caste families in Palampur own the majority of land.
Answer
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
This village has about 450 families belonging to several different castes. The 80 upper caste families own the majority of land in the village. Their houses, some of them quite large, are made of brick with cement plastering. The SCs (dalits) comprise one third of the population and live in one corner of the village and in much smaller houses some of which are of mud and straw.
5
Assertion (A): Human capital refers to knowledge and enterprise required to combine land, labor, and physical capital for production.
Reason (R): Human capital is the fourth requirement for production, along with land, labor, and physical capital.
Answer
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
You will need knowledge and enterprise to be able to put together land, labour and physical capital and produce an output either to use yourself or to sell in the market. This these days is called human capital.
6
Assertion (A): Raw materials and money in hand are called working capital.
Reason (R): Working capital includes items like yarn for a weaver and clay for a potter, which are consumed during the production process.
Answer
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Production requires a variety of raw materials such as the yarn used by the weaver and the clay used by the potter. Also, some money is always required during production to make payments and buy other necessary items. Raw materials and money in hand are called working capital. Unlike tools, machines and buildings, these are used up in production.
7
Assertion (A): Tools, machines, and buildings used in production are called fixed capital.
Reason (R): Fixed capital can be used in production over many years and is not consumed in the process.
Answer
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Tools and machines range from very simple tools such as a farmer’s plough to sophisticated machines such as generators, turbines, computers, etc. Tools, machines, buildings can be used in production over many years, and are called fixed capital.
8
Assertion (A): Farmers in Palampur grow only two crops in a year.
Reason (R): The well-developed irrigation system in Palampur allows the farmers to grow more than one crop.
Answer
(d) A is false but R is true.
To grow more than one crop on a piece of land during the year is known as multiple cropping. It is the most common way of increasing production on a given piece of land. All farmers in Palampur grow atleast two main crops; many are growing potato as the third crop in the past fifteen to twenty years.
9
Assertion (A): Multiple cropping in Palampur involves growing only two crops a year.
Reason (R): The farmers in Palampur have been growing potato as a third crop for the last 15-20 years.
Answer
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Multiple cropping s the most common way of increasing production on a given piece of land. All farmers in Palampur grow atleast two main crops; many are growing potato as the third crop in the past fifteen to twenty years.
10
Assertion (A): The availability of electricity in Palampur helped increase agricultural productivity.
Reason (R): Electric tubewells replaced Persian wheels and allowed for irrigation of larger areas.
Answer
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
The main reason why farmers are able to grow three different crops in a year in Palampur is due to the well-developed system of irrigation. Electricity came early to Palampur. Its major impact was to transform the system of irrigation. People saw that the electric-run tubewells could irrigate much larger areas of land more effectively. The first few tubewells were installed by the government. Soon, however, farmers started setting up private tubewells. As a result, by mid-1970s the entire cultivated area of 200 hectares (ha.) was irrigated.
11
Assertion (A): The Green Revolution introduced Indian farmers to high yielding varieties (HYV) of seeds.
Reason (R): HYV seeds allowed farmers to produce much greater quantities of foodgrains compared to traditional seeds.
Answer
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
The Green Revolution in the late 1960s introduced the Indian farmer to cultivation of wheat and rice using high yielding varieties (HYVs) of seeds. Compared to the traditional seeds, the HYV seeds promised to produce much greater amounts of grain on a single plant. As a result, the same piece of land would now produce far larger quantities of foodgrains than was possible earlier.
12
Assertion (A): Farmers in Palampur experienced no increase in surplus wheat for sale after adopting HYV seeds.
Reason (R): The Green Revolution increased wheat yields, allowing farmers to have more surplus wheat to sell in the markets.
Answer
(d) A is false but R is true.
In Palampur, the yield of wheat grown from the traditional varieties was 1300 kg per hectare. With HYV seeds, the yield went up to 3200 kg per hectare. There was a large increase in the production of wheat. Farmers now had greater amounts of surplus wheat to sell in the markets.