NCERT Solutions for Chapter 7 Globalisation Class 12 Political Science
Book Solutions1
(a) Globalisation is purely an economic phenomenon.
(b) Globalisation began in 1991.
(c) Globalisation is the same thing as westernisation.
(d) Globalisation is a multi-dimensional phenomenon.
Answer
(d) Globalisation is a multi-dimensional phenomenon.2
(a) Globalisation has been uneven in its impact on states and societies.
(b) Globalisation has had a uniform impact on all states and societies.
(c) The impact of globalisation has been confined to the political sphere.
(d) Globalisation inevitably results in cultural homogeneity.
Answer
(a) Globalisation has been uneven in its impact on states and societies.3
(a) Technology is an important cause of globalisation.
(b) Globalisation is caused by a particular community of people.
(c) Globalisation originated in the US.
(d) Economic interdependence alone causes globalisation.
Answer
(a) Technology is an important cause of globalisation.4
(a) Globalisation is only about movement of commodities.
(b) Globalisation does not involve a conflict of values.
(c) Services are an insignificant part of globalisation.
(d) Globalisation is about worldwide interconnectedness.
Answer
(d) Globalisation is about worldwide interconnectedness.5
(a) Advocates of globalisation argue that it will result in greater economic growth.
(b) Critics of globalisation argue that it will result in greater economic disparity.
(c) Advocates of globalisation argue that it will result in cultural homogenisation.
(d) Critics of globalisation argue that it will result in cultural homogenisation.
Answer
(c) Advocates of globalisation argue that it will result in cultural homogenisation.6
Answer
Worldwide interconnectedness means the flow or movement of ideas, capital, commodities and people from one part of the world to another. Its components are ideas, capital, commodities and people.7
Answer
Several factors are responsible for the rise of globalisation. However, technology is the main factor that has played a significant part in the evolution of globalisation.
The recent revolution in communications and information technology has brought nations closer together and increased their dependency.
Individuals are now able to remain completely aware of all events and happenings in the world thanks to technological advancements.
People, capital, commodities, ideas etc. can now move from one location to another, i.e. from one nation to another, because of developments in technology.
Because of technological advancements, events that occur in one part of the world have an effect on other areas of the world.
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Answer
Views Against the impact of globalisation on the role of the state:
• Globalisation has reduced the capacity of the state to perform welfare functions.
• Globalisation has had a significant impact on the state’s power to make decisions. Multinational corporations have had a significant impact on how governments operate.
• Privatisation has accelerated the process of disinvestment, and the private sector has surpassed the public sector in importance.
• The state’s duties and responsibilities have been reduced as a result of liberalisation. All developing nations around the globe completely support free trade and free competition.
Views for the impact of globalisation on the role of the state:
In developing countries, the state remains dominant because it is the premier and sole basis of political community.
The state has complete authority to keep law and order in the state. The state is accountable for its own protection and safety.
A competitive economy is extremely beneficial to developing countries. Developing countries are attempting to better their performance, products, and industries in order to keep up with developed countries’ industries.
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Answer
• Economic globalisation draws the role of international institutions like the IMF and the WTO.
• Economic globalisation involves greater economic flows among different countries of the world. This flow can take various forms commodities, capital, people and idea.
• Globalisation has involved greater trade in commodity across the globe.
• Economic globalisation has also led to the flow of ideas across national boundaries.
• Developed countries have guarded their borders with visa policies to ensure that citizens of other countries cannot take the jobs of their own citizens.
India is playing a crucial role among developing countries in trade and commerce by making some companies multinational themselves. Liberalisation and privatisation were encouraged. In the sphere of information and technology, automobile, electronic and processing industry many foreign companies had set up their units in India.
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Cultural diversity has become a universal phenomenon. Each community has a distinct culture. One society is distinct from another. One society does not share all of the characteristics of another. I completely agree that globalisation leads to ethnic diversity. No culture would disappear as a result of globalisation. Indeed, globalisation causes each culture to become more unique and distinct. This is referred to as cultural heterogenisation.11
Answer
India adopted a globalised form of economy in 1991. Various effects of globalisation upon India are:
• Many Indian firms and industries have become multinational themselves and play an important role in the development and expansion of the Indian economy.
• Multi-national companies were invited to come and sell their goods and services in India.
• Liberalisation and privatisation were encouraged.
• The prices of many consumer goods have come down like T.V, radio, air-conditions etc.
• Foreign Direct Investments have also been increased.
India, in turn, has a massive young demographic that provides eligible, qualified and able workforce in different sectors of the economy. India has also provided foreign firms opportunities to invest in India. India introduced new trade policy reforms to remove tariffs and restrictions imposed on imports. Under industries, it abolished licensing system exempting few specified industries only. Banking operations by private sectors were permitted to expand in the country.