Find the range of heights of any ten students of your class.
Answer
|
S. No.
|
Name of students
|
Height (in feet)
|
|
1
|
Gunjan
|
4.2
|
|
2
|
Aditi
|
4.5
|
|
3
|
Nikhil
|
5
|
|
4
|
Akhi
|
5.1
|
|
5
|
Riya
|
5.2
|
|
6
|
Akshat
|
5.3
|
|
7
|
Abhishek
|
5.1
|
|
8
|
Mayank
|
4.7
|
|
9
|
Rahul
|
4.9
|
|
10
|
Ayush
|
4.5
|
Range = Highest height – Lowest height = 5.3 – 4.2 = 1.1 feet
Exercise 3.1
Page Number 62
Organize the following marks in a class assessment, in a tabular form:
4, 6, 7, 5, 3, 5, 4, 5, 2, 6, 2, 5, 1, 9, 6, 5, 8, 4, 6, 7.
(i) Which number is the highest?
(ii) Which number of the lowest?
(iii) What is the range of the lowest?
(iv) Find the arithmetic mean.
Answer
S. No. | Marks | Tally marks | Frequency
(No. of students) |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 | 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 | 
| 1
2
1
5
4
2
1
1 |
Please arrange the tally marks image in table.
(i) The highest number is 9.
(ii) The lowest number is 1.
(iii) The range of the data is 9 – 1 = 8
(iv) Arithmetic mean = 4+6+7+5+3+5+4+5+2+6+2+5+1+9+6+5+8+4+6+7/20 = 100/20 = 5
Exercise 3.1
Page Number 62
Find the mean of the first five whole numbers.
Answer
The first five whole numbers are 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Therefore, Mean of first five whole numbers = Sum of numbers/Total number
= (0+1+2+3+4)/5 = 10/5 = 2
Thus, the mean of first five whole numbers is 5.
Exercise 3.1
Page Number 62
A cricketer scores the following runs in eight innings: 58, 76, 40, 35, 46, 45, 0, 100. Find the mean score.
Answer
Number of innings = 8
Mean of score = (Sum of scores)/(Number of innings)
= (58+76+40+35+46+45+0+100)/8
Thus, the mean score is 50.
Exercise 3.1
Page Number 62
Following table shows the points of each player scored in four games:
|
Player
|
Game 1
|
Game 2
|
Game 3
|
Game 4
|
|
A
|
14
|
16
|
10
|
10
|
|
B
|
0
|
8
|
6
|
4
|
|
C
|
8
|
11
|
Did not play
|
13
|
Now answer the following questions:
(i) Find the mean to determine A’s average number of points scored per game.
(ii) To find the mean number of points per game for C, would you divide the total points by 3 or 47? Why?
(iii) B played in all the four games. How would you find the mean?
(iv) Who is the best performer?
Answer
(i) Mean of player A = (Sum of scores by A)/(No. of games played by A)
= (14+16+10+10)/4=50/4 = 12.5
(ii) We should divide the total points by 3 because player C played only three games.
(iii) Player B played in all the four games.
∴ Mean of player B = (Sum of scores by B)/(No. of games played by B)
= (0+8+6+4)/4=18/4 = 4.5
(iv) To find the best performer, we should know the mean of all players.
Mena of player A = 12.5
Mean of player B = 4.5
Mean of player C = (8+11+13)/3=32/3 = 10.67
Therefore, on comparing means of all players, player A is the best performer.
Exercise 3.1
Page Number 63
The marks (out of 100) obtained by a group of students in a science test are 85, 76, 90, 85, 39, 48, 56, 95, 81 and 75. Find the:
(i) The highest and the lowest marks obtained by the students.
(ii) Range of the marks obtained.
(iii) Mean marks obtained by the group.
Answer
(i) Highest marks obtained by the student = 95
Lowest marks obtained by the student = 39
(ii) Range of marks = Highest marks – Lowest marks
= 95 – 39 = 56
(iii) Mean of obtained marks = (Sum of marks)/(Total number of marks)
= (85+76+90+85+39+48+56+95+81+75)/10
= 730/10 = 73
Thus, mean marks obtained by the group of students is 73.
Exercise 3.1
Page Number 63
The enrolment in a school during six consecutive years was as follows:
1555, 1670, 1750, 2013, 2540, 2820. Find the mean enrolment of the school for this period.
Answer
Mean enrolment = (Sum of numbers of enrolment)/(Total number of years)
= (1555+1670+1750+2013+2540+2820)/6 = 12348/6 = 2058
Thus, the mean enrolment of the school is 2,058.
Exercise 3.1
Page Number 63
The rainfall (in mm) in a city on 7 days of a certain week was recorded as follows:
|
Day
|
Mon
|
Tue
|
Wed
|
Thru
|
Fri
|
Sat
|
Sun
|
|
Rainfall (in mm)
|
0
|
12.2
|
2.1
|
0
|
20.5
|
5.5
|
1
|
(i) Find the range of the rainfall in the above data.
(ii) Find the mean rainfall for the week.
(iii) On how many days was the rainfall less than the mean rainfall?
Answer
(i) The range of the rainfall = Highest rainfall – Lowest rainfall
= 20.5 – 0.0 = 20.5 mm
(ii) Main rainfall = (Sum of rainfall recorded)/(Total number of days)
= (0.0+12.2+2.1+2.2+20.5+5.5+1.0)/7
= 41.37 = 5.9 mm
(iii) 5 days. i.e., Monday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday rainfalls were less than the mean rainfall.
Exercise 3.1
Page Number 63
The height of 10 girls were measured in cm and the results are as follows:
135, 150, 139, 128, 151, 132, 146, 149, 143, 141
(i) What is the height of the tallest girl?
(ii) What is the height of the shortest girl?
(iii) What is the range of data?
(iv) What is the mean height of the girls?
(v) How many girls have heights more than the mean height?
Answer
(i) The height of the tallest girl = 151 cm
(ii) The height of the shortest girl = 128 cm
(iii) The range of the data = Highest height – Lowest height
= 151 – 128 = 23 cm
(iv) The mean height = (Sum of heights of the girls)/(Total numebr of girls)
= (135+150+139+128+151+132+146+149+143+141)/10
= 1414/10 = 141.4 cm
(v) Five girls, i.e., 150, 151, 146, 149, 143 have heights (in cm) more than the mean height.
Exercise 3.1
Page Number 63
The scores in mathematics test (out of 25) of students is as follows:
19, 25, 23, 20, 9, 20, 15, 10, 5, 16, 25, 20, 24, 12, 20
Find the mode and median of this data. Are they same?
Answer
Arranging the given data in ascending order,
5, 9, 10, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20, 20, 20, 20, 23, 24, 25, 25
Mode is the observation occurred the highest number of times.
Therefore, Mode = 20
Median is the middle observation = 20
Yes, Mode and Median are same of given observation.
Exercise 3.2
Page Number 68
The runs scored in a cricket match by 11 players is as follows:
6, 15, 120, 50, 100, 80, 10, 15, 8, 10, 15
Find the mean, mode and median of this data. Are the three same?
Answer
Arranging the given data in ascending order,
6, 8, 10, 10, 15, 15, 15, 50, 80, 100, 120
Mean = (Sum of observations)/(Number of observations)
= (6+8+10+10+15+15+15+50+80+100+120)/11 = 429/11 = 39
Mode is the observation occurred the highest number of times = 15
Median is the middle observation = 15
Therefore, Mode and Median is 15.
No, the mean, median and mode are not same.
Exercise 3.2
Page Number 68
The weight (in kg) of 15 students of a class are:
38, 42, 35, 37, 45, 50, 32, 43, 43, 40, 36, 38, 43, 38, 47
(i) Find the mode and median of this data.
(ii) Is there more than one mode?
Answer
Arranging the given data in ascending order,
32, 35, 36, 37, 38, 38, 38, 40, 42, 43, 43, 43, 45, 47, 50
(i) Mode is the observation occurred the highest number of times.
Therefore, Mode = 38 and 43
(ii) Median is the middle observation = 40
Yes, there are 2 modes.
Exercise 3.2
Page Number 68
Find the mode and median of the data:
13, 16, 12, 14, 19, 12, 14, 13, 14
Answer
Arranging the given data in ascending order,
12, 12, 13, 13, 14, 14, 14, 16, 19
Mode is the observation occurred the highest number of times = 14
Median is the middle observation = 14
Exercise 3.2
Page Number 68
Tell whether the statement is true or false:
(i) The mode is always one of the numbers in a data.
(ii) The mean is one of the numbers in a data.
(iii) The median is always one of the numbers in a data.
(iv) The data 6, 4, 3, 8, 9, 12, 13, 9 has mean 9.
Answer
(i) True
(ii) False
(iii) True
(iv) False
Exercise 3.2
Page Number 68
Use the bar graph to answer the following questions:
(a) Which is the most popular pet?
(b) How many students have dog as a pet?
Answer
(a) Cat is the most popular pet.
(b) 8 students have dog as a pet.
Exercise 3.3
Page Number 72
Read the bar graph which shows the number of books sold by a bookstore during five consecutive years and answer the following questions:
(i) About how many books were sold in 1989? 1990? 1992?
(ii) In which year were about 475 books sold? About 225 books sold?
(iii) In which years were fewer than 250 books sold?
(iv) Can you explain how you would estimate the number of books sold in 1989?
Answer
According to the given bar graph,
(i) In 1989, 180 books were sold.
In 1990, 475 books were sold.
In 1992, 225 books were sold.
(ii) In 1990, about 475 books were sold and in 1992, about 225 books were sold.
(iii) In 1989 and 1992 fewer than 250 books were sold.
(iv) By reading the graph, we calculate that 180 books were sold in 1989.
Exercise 3.3
Page Number 72
Number of children in six different classes are given below. Represent the data on a bar graph.
|
Class
|
Fifth
|
Sixth
|
Seventh
|
Eighth
|
Ninth
|
Tenth
|
|
No. of children
|
135
|
120
|
95
|
100
|
90
|
80
|
(b) Answer the following questions:
(i) Which class has the maximum number of children? And the minimum?
(ii) Find the ratio of students of class sixth to the students of class eighth.
Answer
Data represented by the bar graph is as follows:
(a) Scale: 1 unit = 25 children
(b) (i) Fifth class has the maximum number of children and Tenth class has the minimum number of children.
(ii) Ratio = (Number of students in class sixth)/(Number of students in class eighth) = 120/100 = 6/5 = 6 : 5
Exercise 3.3
Page Number 73
The performance of a student in 1st term and 2nd term is given. Draw a double bar graph choosing appropriate scale and answer the following:
|
Subject
|
English
|
Hindi
|
Maths
|
Science
|
S. Science
|
|
1st term (MM. 100)
|
67
|
72
|
88
|
81
|
73
|
|
2nd term (MM (100)
|
70
|
65
|
95
|
85
|
75
|
(i) In which subject has the child improved his performance the most?
(ii) In which subject is the improvement the least?
(iii) Has the performance gone down in any subject?
Answer
Data represented by bar graph is as follows:
Difference of marks of 1st term and 2nd term
English = 70 – 67 = 3, Hindi = 65 – 72 = -7, Maths = 95 – 88 = 7, Science = 85 – 81 = 4, S. Science = 75 – 73 = 2
(i) He has most improved in Maths subject.
(ii) In S. Science subject, his improvement is less.
(iii) Yes, in Hindi subject, his performance has gone down.
Exercise 3.3
Page Number 73
Consider this data collected from a survey of a colony.
|
Favourite Sport
|
Cricket
|
Basket Ball
|
Swimming
|
Hockey
|
Athletics
|
|
Watching
|
1240
|
470
|
510
|
423
|
250
|
|
Participating
|
620
|
320
|
320
|
250
|
105
|
(i) Draw a double bar graph choosing an appropriate scale. What do you infer from the bar graph?
(ii) Which sport is most popular?
(iii) Which is more preferred, watching or participating in sports?
Answer
Data represented by the double bar graph is as follows:
(i)This bar graph represents the number of persons who are watching and participating in their favourite sports.
(ii) Cricket is most popular.
(iii) Watching sports is more preferred.
Exercise 3.3
Page Number 73
Take the data giving the minimum and the maximum temperature of various cities given in the beginning of this Chapter. Plot a double bar graph using the data and answer the following:
Temperature of Cities as on 20.6.2006
|
City
|
Ahmedabad
|
Amritsar
|
Bangalore
|
Chennai
|
|
Max.
|
38 ̊C
|
37 ̊C
|
28 °C
|
36 °C
|
|
Min.
|
29 ̊C
|
26 ̊C
|
21 °C
|
27 C
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
City
|
Delhi
|
Jaipur
|
Jammu
|
Mumbai
|
|
Max.
|
38 ̊C
|
39 ̊C
|
41 °C
|
32 °C
|
|
Min.
|
29 ̊C
|
29 ̊C
|
26 °C
|
27 °C
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(i) Which city has the largest difference in the minimum and maximum temperature on the given data?
(ii) Which is the hottest city and which is the coldest city?
(iii) Name two cities where maximum temperature of one was less than the minimum temperature of the order.
(iv) Name the city which has the least difference between its minimum and the maximum temperature.
Answer
Data represented by double bar graph is as follows:
(i) Jammu has the largest difference in temperature i.e., Maximum temperature = 41 ̊C and Minimum temperature =26 ̊C
∴ Difference = 41 ̊C − 26 ̊C = 15 ̊
(ii) Jammu is the hottest city due to maximum temperature is high and Bangalore is the coldest city due to maximum temperature is low.
(iii) Maximum temperature of Bangalore = 28 ̊C
Minimum temperature of two cities whose minimum temperature is higher than the maximum temperature of Bangalore are Ahemedabad and Jaipur = 29 ̊C
(iv) Mumbai has the least difference in temperature i.e., Maximum temperature = 32 ̊C and Minimum temperature = 27 ̊C
∴ Difference = 32 ̊C − 27 ̊C = 5 ̊C
Exercise 3.3
Page Number 73
Tell whether the following is certain to happen, impossible can happen but not certain.
(i) You are older today than yesterday.
(ii) A tossed coin will land heads up.
(iii) A die when tossed shall land up with 8 on top.
(iv) The next traffic light seen will be green.
(v) Tomorrow will be a cloudy day.
Answer
(i) It is certain to happen.
(ii) It can happen but not certain.
(iii) It is impossible.
(iv) It can happen but not certain.
(v) It can happen but not certain.
Exercise 3.4
Page Number 76
There are 6 marbles in a box with numbers from 1 to 6 marked on each of them.
(i) What is the probability of drawing a marble with number 2?
(ii) What is the probability of drawing a marble with number 5?
Answer
Total marbles from 1 to 6 marked in a box = 6
(i) The probability of drawing a marble with number 2.
⇒ P (drawing one marble) = 1/6
(ii) The probability of drawing a marble with number 5.
⇒ P (drawing one marble) = 1/6
Exercise 3.4
Page Number 76
A coin is flipped to decide which team starts the game. What is the probability that your team will start?
Answer
A coin has two possible outcomes Head and Tail.
Probability of getting Head or Tail is equal.
∴ P (Starting game) = 1/2
Exercise 3.4
Page Number 76
